I receive many questions from job seekers about proper interview etiquette and techniques on achieving success during a job interview. While face-to-face interviewing is a regular occurrence in the job or internship process, many companies also utilize phone interviewing during their selection process. Although there are many commonalities between a face-to-face interview and a phone interview, there are also some differences.

As a job seeker in the midst of a job or internship search, you want to be ready for a phone interview to occur at any moment. The phone interview is sometimes a simpler, cost-effective way for recruiters to initially screen potential candidates before meeting with them in person.

Keep in mind the person conducting the interview over the phone is making sure you meet the minimum qualifications, as well as getting a feel for what you know about the organization. This is also a chance for them to explain the details of the available position to you. As a potential job candidate, a phone interview is a great way for you to learn more about the company and the position without having to leave your house, apartment or residence hall. If you have never participated in a phone interview before, take advantage of a practice session with a friend or professional who will give you constructive and honest feedback.

Ideally, phone interviews are scheduled in advance so you have time to think about the qualifications and experiences you have listed on your resume and how they relate to the position. You might wonder, “What do I do if the interviewer calls me unexpectedly?” Although this is not always the ideal situation, it is reality and you would be wise to be prepared for it to happen. If you are caught in this situation and you are not in a position to take the call, let it go to your professional voice mail message.

This is a much better alternative than conducting an unprepared, impromptu phone interview. I’m sure you know what a professional outgoing message sounds like, but just to be clear, it does not sound like: “Yo, wassup?” or “Hey… you know what to do at the beep.” Avoid answering the call if you are in no way prepared to talk, and avoid putting the caller on hold. An example of an inopportune time to take a call would be during your class or while you are in the midst of many people.

When the day of your scheduled phone interview comes, prepare appropriately by putting yourself in an environment where you can avoid all interruptions. Make sure there is no loud music playing or televisions on, and your roommates and friends will not be distracting you from talking to your potential future employer. The ideal location is in a room by yourself with your resume and the job description in clear view. Place it on the top of your desk if you can. Have questions prepared for the interviewer planned out and easily accessible.

I cannot stress enough the importance of follow-up after any kind of interview. Of the questions you ask during the interview, one of the most important subjects is the process after the interview. Make sure to ask: “What happens next?” and “When should I expect to hear back from you?” Ensure you have the correct contact information of the interviewer and utilize that information to send a thank you note within 48 hours of your interview. In the thank you note, reiterate your interest in the position and highlight your most relevant skills as discussed in your interview.

Although you aren’t physically in front of the person to whom you are speaking, I wouldn’t recommend rolling out of bed right before the scheduled interview and wearing your pajamas during your conversation. Wake up, shower, smile and dress for the part. Looking professional will help you sound like a professional job seeker who is taking this phone interview seriously.

Are you enunciating properly or does “Saturday” sound like “Sadurday” and “going to” sound like “gonna”? Recruiters can tell by the sound of your voice if you are tired, laying on the couch or otherwise distracted. Sit at a desk and treat this exactly like the situation it is — your chance to shine, promote yourself and let them know exactly why you are the best candidate for the job.

Doing so can greatly increase your opportunity at getting another interview — in person.

– Tammy Stegman is Career Coordinator in the College of Business, Rasibeck Career Services Center, Iowa State University.

For more information about telephone interviewing, please contact your specific career services office at Iowa State University. A list of each career services office can be found at http://www.career.iastate.edu/.